Science - Physics B (AP)

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Mission Statement
Introduction
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Oroville Union High School District

Science Curriculum

Science - Physics B (AP)

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Goals and Descriptions

Kinematics: Motion in One Dimension

Kinematics: Motion in One Dimension Description

Constant and Average Speed
The learner will be able to solve problems that involve constant speed and average speed.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.a.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 2 [Textbook].

Balanced Forces
The learner will be able to understand that when forces are balanced, no acceleration occurs; thus an object continues to move at a constant speed or stay at rest.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.b.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 2 [Textbook].

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Motion in Two Dimensions

Motion in Two Dimensions Description

Trajectory Problems
The learner will be able to solve two-dimensional trajectory problems.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.i.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 3 [Textbook].

Vector Resolution
The learner will be able to resolve two-dimensional vectors into their components and calculate the magnitude and direction of a vector from its components.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.j.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 3 [Textbook].

Statics
The learner will be able to solve two-dimensional problems involving balanced forces (statics).

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.k.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 3 [Textbook].

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Forces and Newton's Laws

Forces and Newton's Laws Description

Newton's First Law
The learner will be able to understand that when forces are balanced, no acceleration occurs; thus an object continues to move at a constant speed or stay at rest (Newton's first law).

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.b.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 4 [Textbook].

Newton's Second Law
The learner will be able to understand how to apply the law F=ma to solve one-dimensional motion problems that involve constant forces (Newton's second law).

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.c.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 4 [Textbook].

Newton's Third Law
The learner will be able to understand that when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object always exerts a force of equal magnitude and in the opposite direction (Newton's third law).

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.d.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 4 [Textbook].

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Forces and Energy

Forces and Energy Description

Change in Potential Energy
The learner will be able to calculate changes in gravitational potential energy near Earth by using the formula (change in potential energy) =mgh (h is the change in the elevation).

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2b

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 5 [Textbook].

* Conservation of Energy
The learner will be able to solve problems involving conservation of energy in simple systems, such as falling objects.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2c

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 5 pages 181-185, 200-203 [Textbook].

Kinetic Energy
The learner will be able to calculate kinetic energy by using the formula E = (1/2)mv^2.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2a

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 5 [Textbook].

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Momentum

Momentum Description

Momentum and Energy
The learner will be able to understand that momentum is a separately conserved quantity different from energy.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.e.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 6 [Textbook].

Change in Momentum
The learner will be able to understand that an unbalanced force on an object produces a change in its momentum.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.f

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 6 [Textbook].

Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
The learner will be able to understand how to solve problems involving elastic and inelastic collisions in one dimension by using the principles of conservation of momentum and energy.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.g.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 6 [Textbook].

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Circular Motion and Gravity

Circular Motion and Gravity Description

Universal Law of Gravitation
The learner will be able to understand the relationship between the universal law of gravitation and the effect of gravity on an object at the surface of the Earth.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.e.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 7 [Textbook].

Independence of Perpendicular Forces
The learner will be able to understand that applying a force to an object perpendicular to the direction of its motion causes the object to change direction but not speed (e.g., Earth's gravitational force causes a satellite in circular orbit to change direction but not speed).

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.f.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 7 [Textbook].

Circular Motion
The learner will be able to understand that circular motion requires the application of a constant force directed toward the center of the circle.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.g.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 7 [Textbook].

* Applicability of Newton's Laws
The learner will be able to understand that Newton's laws are not exact but provide very good approximations unless an object is moving close to the speed of light or is small enough that quantum effects are important.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.h.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 7 [Textbook].

* Centripetal Acceleration
The learner will be able to solve problems in a circular motion by using the formula for centripetal acceleration in the following form: a=v2/r.

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.l.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 7 [Textbook].

* Forces Over a Distance
The learner will be able to solve problems involving the forces between two electric charges at a distance (Coulomb's laws) or the forces between two masses at a distance (universal gravitation).

Strand	Scope	Source
Newton's Laws	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 1.m.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 7 [Textbook].

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Torque and Rotational Statics

Torque and Rotational Statics Description

Calculating Kinetic Energy
The learner will be able to calculate kinetic energy by using the formula E = (1/2)mv^2.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.a.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 8 [Textbook].

Calculating Momentum
The learner will be able to calculate momentum as the product mv.

Strand	Scope	Source
Laws of Conservation of Energy & Mot	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.d.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 8 [Textbook].

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Heat and Thermodynamics

Heat and Thermodynamics Description

Heat Flow and Work
The learner will be able to understand that heat flow and work are two forms of energy transfer between systems.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.a.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

Thermal Energy
The learner will be able to understand that the internal energy of an object includes the energy of random motion of the object's atoms and molecules, often referred to as thermal energy. The greater the temperature of the object, the greater the energy of motion of the atoms and molecules that make up the object.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.c.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

First Law of Thermodynamics
The learner will be able to understand that the work done by a heat engine that is working in a cycle is the difference between the heat flow into the engine at high temperature and the heat flow out at a lower temperature (first law of thermodynamics) and that this is an example of the law of conservation of energy.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.b.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

Disorder and Uniformity
The learner will be able to understand that most processes tend to decrease the order of a system over time and that energy levels are eventually distributed uniformly.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.d.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

Entropy
The learner will be able to understand that entropy is a quantity that measures the order or disorder of a system and that this quantity is larger for a more disordered system.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.e.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

* Second Law of Thermodynamics
The learner will be able to understand that the statement "Entropy tends to increase" is a law of statistical probability that governs all closed systems.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.f.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

* Engines
The learner will be able to solve problems involving heat flow, work, and efficiency in a heat engine and know that all real engines lose some heat to their surroundings.

Strand	Scope	Source
Energy	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 3.g.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 9, 11 [Textbook].

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Waves

Waves Description

Conservation of Energy
The learner will be able to understand how to solve problems involving conservation of energy in simple systems with various sources of potential energy, such as capacitors and springs.

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.h.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

Waves and Energy
The learner will be able to understand that waves carry energy from one place to another.

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 4a

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

Waves through Media
The learner will be able to identify transverse and longitudinal waves in mechanical media, such as springs and ropes, and on the Earth (seismic waves).

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 4.b.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

Wavelength, Frequency, and Wave Speed
The learner will be able to solve problems involving wavelength, frequency, and wave speed.

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 4c

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

Characteristic Properties of Waves
The learner will be able to identify the know properties of waves: inference (beats), diffraction, Doppler effect, and polarization.

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 4f

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

Longitudinal Waves
The learner will be able to understand that sound is a longitudinal wave whose speed depends on the properties of the medium in which it propagates.

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 4d

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

Electromagnetic Waves
The learner will be able to understand how radio waves, light, and X-rays are know wavelength bands in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves whose speed in a vacuum is approximately 3 E 8 m /s (186,000 miles / second).

Strand	Scope	Source
Waves	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 4.e.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 12-14 [Textbook].

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Electric and Magnetic Phenomena

Electric and Magnetic Phenomena Description

Sources of Electric Fields
The learner will be able to understand that charged particles are sources of electric fields and are subject to the forces of the electric fields fro other charges.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.e.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Force on a Particle in a Field
The learner will be able to understand that electric and magnetic fields contain particle in an electric field is qE, where E is the electric field at the position of the particle and q is the charge of the particle.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.k.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Calculation of Electric Field
The learner will be able to calculate the electric field resulting from a point charge.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.l.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17 pages 634-635, 637, 643-645, 648, 658 [Textbook].
·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Conservation of Energy
The learner will be able to solve problems involving conservation of energy in simple systems with various sources of potential energy, such as capacitors and springs.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 2.h.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

DC Voltage and Current
The learner will be able to predict the voltage or current in simple direct current (DC) electric circuits constructed from batteries, wires, resistors, and capacitors.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.a.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Conservation of Potential Energy
The learner will be able to apply the concepts of electrical and gravitational potential energy to solve problems involving conservation of energy.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.o.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Ohm's Law
The learner will be able to solve problems using Ohm's law.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.b.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Resistivity
The learner will be able to understand that any resistive element in a DC circuit dissipates energy, which heats the resistor. Students can calculate the power (rate of energy dissipation) in any resistive circuit element by using the formula Power = IR (potential difference) times I (current) = I ^2 R.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.c.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Magnetic Fields
The learner will be able to understand that magnetic materials and electric currents (moving electric charges) are sources of magnetic fields and are subject to forces arising from the magnetic fields of other sources.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.f.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Direction of a Magnetic Field
The learner will be able to determine the direction of a magnetic field produced by a current flowing in a straight wire or in a coil.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.g.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

* Force on a Moving Particle
The learner will be able to understand the magnitude of the force on a moving particle (with charge q) in a magnetic field is qvB sin(a), where a is the angle between v and B (v and B are the magnitudes of vectors v and B, respectively), and students use the right-hand rule to find the direction of this force.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.n.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Transistors
The learner will be able to understand the properties of transistors and the role of transistors in electric circuits.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.d.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

Induction
The learner will be able to understand that changing magnetic fields produce electric fields, thereby inducing currents in nearby conductors.

Strand	Scope	Source
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena	Master	CA: Science Content Standards, December 1998, Grades 9-12, Physics, 5.h.

Instructional Resources

·	Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2002, Chapter 17-22 [Textbook].

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